学生档案管理系统(c语言)（最好是原创）

Question

该系统实现对学生档案的存储和管理。学生信息包括学号、姓名、性别和生日等信息。系统
可以对学生信息进行查询、添加、删除和备份。系统进入时还包括一个密码验证的过程，也
可以对密码进行管理。

Answer 1

数组方式实现

#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define STRLEN 20
#define ARRSIZE 30

typedef struct Student
{
   char id[STRLEN];
   char name[STRLEN];
   char sex[4];
   char brithday[STRLEN];
} Student;

const char DataFile[] = "data.txt";
const char PwdFile[] = "pwd.txt";

int ReadFile(Student *stu, int n)
{
   int cnt = 0;
   FILE *fp;
   fp = fopen(DataFile, "r");
   if (fp == NULL)
      return 0;

   while (!feof(fp) && cnt < n)
   {
      fread(stu + cnt, sizeof(Student), 1, fp);
      if (strlen(stu->id) == 0)
         break;
      cnt++;
   }
   fclose(fp);
   return cnt;
}

void SaveFile(Student *stu, int count)
{
   FILE *fp;
   fp = fopen(DataFile, "w");
   if (fp == NULL)
      return;

   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
   {
      fwrite(stu + i, sizeof(Student), 1, fp);
   }
   fclose(fp);
}

// 输入口令
void inputPWD(char *s, int n)
{
   char ch;
   int i = 0;
   while (i < n - 1)
   {
      ch = getch();
      if (ch == '\r')
      {
         putchar('\n');
         break;
      }
      s[i++] = ch;
      putchar('*');
   }
   s[i] = '\0';
}

// 设置口令
void setPWD()
{
   char pwd1[STRLEN], pwd2[STRLEN];
   while (1)
   {
      printf("输入新密码：");
      inputPWD(pwd1, STRLEN);
      printf("再次输入新密码：");
      inputPWD(pwd2, STRLEN);
      if (strcmp(pwd1, pwd2) != 0)
         printf("两次输入密码不一致！\n");
      else
         break;
   }
   FILE *fp;
   fp = fopen(PwdFile, "w");
   fwrite(pwd1, STRLEN, 1, fp);
   fclose(fp);
   printf("密码修改成功！\n");
}

// 校验口令
int CheckPWD(char *s) // 校验密码
{
   char pwd[STRLEN] = {0};
   FILE *fp;

   fp = fopen(PwdFile, "r");
   if (fp == NULL) //
      return 1;
   fread(pwd, STRLEN, 1, fp);
   fclose(fp);
   return strcmp(s, pwd) == 0;
}

// 登录模块
void Login()
{

   char pwd[STRLEN];
   int r, i = 0;
   while (i < 3)
   {
      printf("\n\t   学生档案管理系统\n");
      printf("- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - \n");
      printf("\n请输入口令：");
      inputPWD(pwd, STRLEN);
      // puts(pwd);
      r = CheckPWD(pwd);
      if (!r)
         printf("口令错误，重新输入！\n");
      else
         break;
      i++;
   }
   if (i == 3)
   {
      printf("错误次数太多！\n");
      exit(1);
   }
}

void inputStu(Student *stu, int size, int *inx)
{
   if (size == *inx)
   {
      printf("数组已满\n");
      return;
   }
   printf("输入学号：");
   scanf("%s", stu[*inx].id);
   printf("输入姓名：");
   scanf("%s", stu[*inx].name);
   printf("输入性别：");
   scanf("%s", stu[*inx].sex);
   printf("输入出生日期：");
   scanf("%s", stu[*inx].brithday);
   (*inx)++;
}

void Show(Student *stu, int count)
{
   printf("%8s%8s%8s%10s\n", "学号", "姓名", "性别", "出生日期");
   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
   {
      printf("%8s%8s%8s%10s\n", stu[i].id, stu[i].name, stu[i].sex, stu[i].brithday);
   }
}

int FindbyName(Student *stu, int count, char *name)
{
   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
   {
      if (strcmp(stu[i].name, name) == 0)
         return i;
   }
   return -1;
}

void Find(Student *stu, int count)
{
   int i;
   char name[STRLEN];
   printf("输入要查询的姓名：");
   scanf("%s", name);

   i = FindbyName(stu, count, name);
   if (i == -1)
      printf("不存在！\n");
   else
      printf("%8s%8s%4s%8s\n", stu[i].id, stu[i].name, stu[i].sex, stu[i].brithday);
}

void Edit(Student *stu, int count)
{
   int i;
   char name[STRLEN];
   printf("输入要修改的姓名：");
   scanf("%s", name);
   i = FindbyName(stu, count, name);
   if (i == -1)
   {
      printf("不存在！\n");
      return;
   }
   printf("%8s%8s%4s%8s\n", stu[i].id, stu[i].name, stu[i].sex, stu[i].brithday);
   inputStu(stu, ARRSIZE, &i);
   SaveFile(stu, count);
   printf("修改成功！\n");
}

void Del(Student *stu, int *count)
{
   int i;
   char name[STRLEN];
   printf("输入要删除的姓名：");
   scanf("%s", name);
   i = FindbyName(stu, *count, name);
   if (i == -1)
   {
      printf("不存在！\n");
      return;
   }
   printf("%8s%8s%4s%8s\n", stu[i].id, stu[i].name, stu[i].sex, stu[i].brithday);
   for (int j = i; j < *count - 1; j++)
   {
      stu[j] = stu[j + 1];
   }
   (*count)--;
   SaveFile(stu, *count);
   printf("删除成功！\n");
}

void Backup()
{
   char bakname[100] = "backup.txt";
   FILE *fp1, *fp2;
   fp1 = fopen(DataFile, "r");
   fp2 = fopen(bakname, "w");
   char ch;
   while (!feof(fp1))
   {
      ch = fgetc(fp1);
      fputc(ch, fp2);
   }
   fclose(fp1);
   fclose(fp2);
   printf("备份完毕！\n");
}

int Menu()
{
   int n;
   printf("\n\n\t   学生档案管理系统\n");
   printf("- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - \n");
   printf(" 1 输入数据         |    5 删除数据\n");
   printf(" 2 显示数据         |    6 备份数据\n");
   printf(" 3 查询数据         |    7 设置口令\n");
   printf(" 4 修改数据         |    0 退出\n");
   printf("- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - \n");
   printf("\n请选择：");
   fflush(stdin);
   scanf("%d", &n);
   return n;
}

int main()
{
   Student stu[ARRSIZE] = {0};
   int sel, run = 1;
   Login();
   int count = ReadFile(stu, ARRSIZE);
   while (run)
   {
      sel = Menu();
      switch (sel)
      {
      case 1:
         inputStu(stu, ARRSIZE, &count);
         SaveFile(stu, count);
         break;
      case 2:
         Show(stu, count);
         break;
      case 3:
         Find(stu, count);
         break;
      case 4:
         Edit(stu, count);
         break;
      case 5:
         Del(stu, &count);
         break;
      case 6:
         Backup();
         break;
      case 7:
         setPWD();
         break;
      case 0:
         run = 0;
         break;

      default:
         printf("输入错误，重新输入！\n");
         break;
      }
   }

   return 0;
}