安装geopandas matplotlib报错？

Question

在安装geopandas matplotlib的时候快安装完了报错
这是什么意思
(base) C:\Users\22873>pip install geopandas matplotlib
Collecting geopandas
Downloading geopandas-0.14.3-py3-none-any.whl (1.1 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 1.1 MB 15 kB/s
Requirement already satisfied: matplotlib in c:\programdata\anaconda3\lib\site-packages (3.4.3)
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)")': /simple/fiona/
Collecting fiona>=1.8.21
Downloading fiona-1.9.5-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl (22.9 MB)
|████████████████████████████▌ | 20.4 MB 6.5 kB/s eta 0:06:25ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 438, in _error_catcher
yield
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 519, in read
data = self._fp.read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\cachecontrol\filewrapper.py", line 62, in read
data = self.__fp.read(amt)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\http\client.py", line 462, in read
n = self.readinto(b)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\http\client.py", line 506, in readinto
n = self.fp.readinto(b)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\socket.py", line 704, in readinto
return self._sock.recv_into(b)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\ssl.py", line 1241, in recv_into
return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\ssl.py", line 1099, in read
return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
socket.timeout: The read operation timed out

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\cli\base_command.py", line 173, in _main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\cli\req_command.py", line 203, in wrapper
return func(self, options, args)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\commands\install.py", line 315, in run
requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\resolver.py", line 94, in resolve
result = self._result = resolver.resolve(
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 472, in resolve
state = resolution.resolve(requirements, max_rounds=max_rounds)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 366, in resolve
failure_causes = self._attempt_to_pin_criterion(name)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 212, in _attempt_to_pin_criterion
criteria = self._get_updated_criteria(candidate)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 203, in _get_updated_criteria
self._add_to_criteria(criteria, requirement, parent=candidate)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 172, in _add_to_criteria
if not criterion.candidates:
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\resolvelib\structs.py", line 151, in bool
return bool(self._sequence)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 140, in bool
return any(self)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 128, in
return (c for c in iterator if id(c) not in self._incompatible_ids)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 32, in _iter_built
candidate = func()
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\factory.py", line 204, in _make_candidate_from_link
self._link_candidate_cache[link] = LinkCandidate(
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 295, in init
super().init(
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 156, in init
self.dist = self._prepare()
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 227, in _prepare
dist = self._prepare_distribution()
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 305, in _prepare_distribution
return self._factory.preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 508, in prepare_linked_requirement
return self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 550, in _prepare_linked_requirement
local_file = unpack_url(
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 239, in unpack_url
file = get_http_url(
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 102, in get_http_url
from_path, content_type = download(link, temp_dir.path)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\network\download.py", line 145, in call
for chunk in chunks:
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\cli\progress_bars.py", line 144, in iter
for x in it:
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\network\utils.py", line 63, in response_chunks
for chunk in response.raw.stream(
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 576, in stream
data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 541, in read
raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\contextlib.py", line 137, in exit
self.gen.throw(typ, value, traceback)
File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 443, in _error_catcher
raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.

Answer 1

以下内容来自ChatGPT 4：

你遇到的错误是由于在尝试从Python包索引（PyPI）下载fiona包时，连接超时导致的。fiona是geopandas的依赖之一，用于处理地理空间数据。这种情况通常发生在网络连接慢或不稳定时。

解决方案：

1. 重试安装：有时候，简单地再次尝试安装命令可以解决问题。网络问题可能是暂时性的。

   pip install geopandas matplotlib
   

2. 使用国内镜像源：如果你在中国大陆，由于网络问题导致连接PyPI的官方服务器较慢或不稳定，可以尝试使用国内的镜像源进行安装，例如使用清华大学的镜像：

   pip install geopandas matplotlib -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
   

3. 升级pip：确保你的pip是最新版本。旧版本的pip可能在网络处理上不够健壮。

   pip install --upgrade pip
   

4. 检查网络连接：确保你的网络连接稳定。如果你使用的是代理或VPN，尝试暂时禁用它们看看是否能解决问题。

5. 手动下载并安装包：

   • 你可以尝试手动从PyPI或其他源下载geopandas及其依赖的.whl文件（wheel包）。
   • 然后，使用pip从本地文件安装这些包：

     pip install some-package.whl
     

6. 使用conda安装：如果你使用的是Anaconda或Miniconda，可以尝试使用conda来安装geopandas和matplotlib，因为conda可能使用不同的服务器或镜像源：

   conda install geopandas matplotlib
   

   注意，conda可能需要指定channel来找到某些包：

   conda install -c conda-forge geopandas matplotlib
   

7. 临时提高超时时间：你还可以尝试在pip命令中增加超时时间，以应对网络慢的问题：

   pip --default-timeout=100 install geopandas matplotlib
   

如果上述方法都不能解决你的问题，建议检查和修复你的网络环境，或者在不同的网络环境下尝试安装。