打印全部顾客函数，指针出现问题，没有传递正确

Question

打印全部顾客函数，指针出现问题，没有传递正确。或订票函数中的addCList()函数指针传递错误，导致订票后，打印全部顾客函数出错。

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define m 20
using namespace std;
//乘客信息链表节点
typedef struct CNode {
    char name[m];//乘客姓名
    int num;//订票数
    int rank;//机舱等级
    CNode *next;
} CNode, *CList; 
 //候补乘客数据节点
typedef struct HNode {
    char name[m];//候补乘客姓名
    int num;//候补票数
    HNode *next;
} HNode, *HList; 
//链队节点
typedef struct Queue {
    HList front;
    HList rear;
} LinkQueue;
//航班节点
typedef struct hangban {
    char destination[m];//目地的
    char hnum[m];//航班号
    char planeid[m];//飞机型号
    char day[m];//飞行日期
    int maxnum;//机载人数
    int less;//总余票
    int lessrank1;//一等余票
    int lessrank2;//二等余票
    int lessrank3;//三等余票
    hangban *next;//下一个节点
    CList cusLinkList;//乘客名单域，指向乘客名单链表的头指针
    LinkQueue waitrank1;//候补一等队列
    LinkQueue waitrank2;//候补二等队列
    LinkQueue waitrank3;//候补三等队列
} hangbanNode, *Phangban;

Phangban allflight;//全局头节点变量
CList c;//全局头结点变量

hangban flight1[100] = {
    { "北京", "1", "A1111", "星期一", 5, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "2", "B2222", "星期三", 100, 0, 0, 0, 0},
    { "上海", "3", "C3333", "星期五", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "4", "D4444", "星期六", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "5", "E5555", "星期二", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "6", "F6666", "星期四", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "7", "G7777", "星期五", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "8", "H8888", "星期三", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "9", "I9999", "星期二", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "10", "J1010", "星期一", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "11", "K1212", "星期四", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "12", "L1313", "星期日", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "13", "M1414", "星期六", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},
    { "上海", "14", "N1515", "星期二", 100, 5, 2, 2, 1},

};
//初始化乘客链表
void initCList(CList &cusLinkList) {
    cusLinkList = (CNode *)malloc(sizeof(CNode));
    if (cusLinkList == NULL) {
        cout << "内存不足" << endl;
        return;
    }
    cusLinkList->next = NULL;
    c = cusLinkList;
}
//初始化队列
void initQueue(LinkQueue &waitrank) {
    HList p = (HList)malloc(sizeof(HNode));
    if (p == NULL) {
        cout << "内存不足" << endl;
        return;
    }
    p->next = NULL;
    waitrank.front = waitrank.rear = p;
}

//初始化候补乘客
void houbu(HList &head, char name[], int need) {
    HList q = (HNode *)malloc(sizeof(HNode));
    strcpy(q->name, name);
    q->num = need;
    q->next = head->next;
    head->next = q;
}
//进队
LinkQueue enqueue(LinkQueue &q, char name[], int need) {
    HList new1 = (HNode *)malloc(sizeof(HNode));
    strcpy(new1->name, name);
    new1->num = need;
    new1->next = NULL;
    q.rear->next = new1;
    q.rear = new1;
    return q;
}

//添加正式乘客信息
void addCList(CList &head, int need, char name[], int grade) {
    CList new1 = (CNode *)malloc(sizeof(CNode));
    if (new1 == NULL) {
        cout << "内存不足" << endl;
        return;
    }
    strcpy(new1->name, name);
    new1->num = need;
    new1->rank = grade;
    new1->next = NULL;
 
    CList current = head;
    while (current->next != NULL) {
        current = current->next;
    }
    current->next = new1;
}
//打印正式顾客
void printfCList(CList head) {
    //CList head = c;
    //CList current = (CNode *)malloc(sizeof(CNode));
    CNode *current = c->next; // 从头节点的下一个节点开始遍历
    //current=head->next;
    printf("客户姓名   舱位等级\n");
    if(current==NULL)
    printf("没有乘客");
    while (current != NULL) {
        printf("%s  %d\n", current->name, current->rank);
        current = current->next;
    }
    printf("\n\n");
}
//快速查找航班
Phangban search() {
    char number[m];
    cout << "请输入航班编号： ";
    cin >> number;
    Phangban p = allflight->next;
    while (p) {
        if (!strcmp(number, p->hnum))
            return p;
        p = p->next;
    }
    return NULL;
}

//候补函数
void Houbu(Phangban &info, LinkQueue &waitrank, int les, int grade) {
    HList p = waitrank.front;
    p=p->next;
    while (p!=NULL) {
        if (p->num <= les) {
            printf("%s候补成功", p->name);
            CList head = info->cusLinkList;
            addCList(head, p->num, p->name, grade);
            printf("您的座位号是：%d\n", info->maxnum - info->less + 1);
            les -= p->num;
            info->less -= p->num;
        }
        p=p->next;
    }
    if (grade == 1)
        info->lessrank1 = les;
    else if (grade == 2)
        info->lessrank2 = les;
    else
        info->lessrank3 = les;
}
//初始化航班
void initflight() {
    allflight = (hangban *)malloc (sizeof(hangban));
    if (allflight == NULL)//航班为空，退出程序
        exit(0);
    allflight->next = NULL;
    Phangban p = allflight, q;//将p赋给allflight
    //链表赋值
    for (int i = 0; i < 14; i++) {
        q = (hangban *)malloc(sizeof(hangban));
        if (q == NULL)
            return;
        strcpy(q->destination, flight1[i].destination);
        strcpy(q->hnum, flight1[i].hnum);
        strcpy(q->planeid, flight1[i].planeid);
        strcpy(q->day, flight1[i].day);
        q->maxnum = flight1[i].maxnum;
        q->less = flight1[i].less;
        q->lessrank3 = flight1[i].lessrank3;
        q->lessrank2 = flight1[i].lessrank2;
        q->lessrank1 = flight1[i].lessrank1;
        initCList(q->cusLinkList);
        initQueue(q->waitrank1);
        initQueue(q->waitrank2);
        initQueue(q->waitrank3);
        q->next = p->next;
        p->next = q;
    }
}

//打印全部航线
void printfall(Phangban allflight) {
    Phangban p;
    p = allflight->next;
    printf("目的地   航班号   飞机号   飞行日期   机载量   总余票 一等余票 二等余票 三等余票\n");
    while (p) {
        printf("%4s   %2s   %5s   %8s   %8d   %8d  %8d  %8d  %5d\n", p->destination, p->hnum, p->planeid, p->day, p->maxnum,
               p->less, p->lessrank1, p->lessrank2, p->lessrank3);
        p = p->next;
    }
    printf("\n\n");
}
//查询单个航线
void chaxun() {
    char destination[20];
    int flag = 0;//判断航班是否有该航班
    cout << endl;
    printf("请输入终点站名：");
    cin >> destination;
    cout << endl;
    Phangban p;
    p = allflight->next;
    printf("目的地   航班号   飞机号   飞行日期   机载量   总余票 一等余票 二等余票 三等余票\n");
    while (p) {
        if (strcmp(destination, p->destination) == 0) //匹配
        {
            flag = 1;//flag重新赋值
            printf("%4s   %4s   %2s   %5s   %8d   %5d   %5d   %5d   %5d\n", p->destination, p->hnum, p->planeid, p->day,
                   p->maxnum, p->less, p->lessrank1, p->lessrank2, p->lessrank3);
        };
        p = p->next;
    }
    if (flag == 0)
        cout << "该航班不存在！";
    cout << endl << endl;
}

//办理订票
void dingpiao() {
    char name[m];
    char day[m];
    int need, grade;
    int num;
    Phangban info;
    info = search();
    if (info == NULL) {
        cout << "不存在该航班！" << endl;
        return;
    }
    cout << "请输入您想要订的舱位等级（1/2/3）：";
    while (true) {
        cin >> grade;
        if (grade < 1 || grade > 3)
            cout << "输入有误，请重新输入：";
        else {
            if (grade == 1)
                num = info->lessrank1;
            else if (grade == 2)
                num = info->lessrank2;
            else
                num = info->lessrank3;
            break;
        }
    }
    cout << "请输入您需要订的票数：";
    while (true) {
        cin >> need;
        if (need < 1 || need > info->maxnum)//需要的票超过机载人数
            cout << "输入有误，请重新输入：";
        else
            break;
    }
    if (need <= num) { //余票够
        for (int i = 1; i <= need; i++) {
            cout << "请输入您的姓名：";
            cin >> name;
            CList head = info->cusLinkList;
            addCList(head, 1, name, grade);

            printf("%s 的座位号是：%d\n", name, info->maxnum - info->less + i);
        }
        info->less -= need;
        if (grade == 1)
            info->lessrank1 -= need;
        else if (grade == 2)
            info->lessrank2 -= need;
        else
            info->lessrank3 -= need;
        cout << "订票成功" << endl;
    } else {
        char vis;
        cout << "该舱位的余票不足，请问您是否需要候补（Y/N）" << endl;
        while (true) {
            cin >> vis;
            if (vis != 'Y' && vis != 'N')
                cout << "输入错误，请重新输入：";
            else {
                if (vis == 'Y') {
                    for (int i = 1; i <= need; i++) {
                        cout << "请输入您的姓名：";
                        cin >> name;
                        if (grade == 1) {
                            info->waitrank1 = enqueue(info->waitrank1, name, 1);
                        } else if (grade == 2) {
                            info->waitrank2 = enqueue(info->waitrank2, name, 1);
                        } else
                            info->waitrank3 = enqueue(info->waitrank3, name, 1);

                        cout << "排队成功！" << endl;
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}

//办理退票
void tuipiao() {
    Phangban info;
    int grade;
    CList p1, p2, head;
    char name[20];
    info = search();
    if (info == NULL) {
        cout << "退票失败，该航班不存在！" << endl;
    }
    head = info->cusLinkList;
    p1 = head->next;
    cout << "请输入姓名：";
    cin >> name;
    p2 = head ;
    while (p1) {
        if (strcmp(name, p1->name) == 0)
            break;
        p2 = p1;
        p1 = p1->next;
    }
    if (p1 == NULL) {
        cout << "对不起，您没有订过票，或者输入信息有误！" << endl;
        return;
    } else {
        grade = p1->rank;
        p2->next = p1->next;
        info->less += p1->num;
        printf("%s   退票成功！\n", p1->name);
        if (grade == 1) {
            info->lessrank1 += p1->num;
            Houbu(info, info->waitrank1, info->lessrank1, grade);
        } else if (grade == 2) {
            info->lessrank2 += p1->num;
            Houbu(info, info->waitrank2, info->lessrank2, grade);
        } else {
            info->lessrank3 += p1->num;
            Houbu(info, info->waitrank3, info->lessrank3, grade);
        }
        free(p1);
    }
}
//主页
void menu() {
    int res;
    printf("\n\n");
    printf("                            航空订票系统                    \n");
    printf("***********************************************************\n");
    printf("                            1.  总航班               \n");
    printf("                            2.  查询航线             \n");
    printf("                            3.  订票                 \n");
    printf("                            4.  退票                 \n");
    printf("                            5.  打印客户名单                 \n");
    printf("                            6.  退出                 \n");
    printf("***********************************************************\n");
    printf("                           输入需要办理的业务:");
    scanf("%d", &res);
    switch (res) {
        case 1:
            printfall(allflight);//打印全部航班信息
            menu();
            break;
        case 2:
            chaxun();//查询航班
            menu();
            break;
        case 3:
            dingpiao();//订票
            menu();
            break;
        case 4:
            tuipiao();//退票
            menu();
            break;
        case 5:
            printfCList(c);//打印全部正式客户
            menu();
            break;
        case 6:
            printf("欢迎再次使用！");//退出系统
            exit(0);
        default:
            printf("输入有误！");
            exit(0);
    }
}

int main() {
    initflight();//初始化航班链表
    initCList(c);
    menu();
    return 0;
}

Answer 1

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在提供的代码中，printfCList 函数中的问题在于它试图访问全局变量 c，而实际上应该使用参数传递的 head 指针。要修复这个问题，你需要修改 printfCList 函数的实现，并确保在调用时正确传递 c 的引用。

下面是修复后的代码片段，包括对 printfCList 函数的修改以及在 main 函数中调用它的位置：

// 原始的 printfCList 函数定义保持不变，但是注释掉，不再使用
// void printfCList(CList head) {
//     ...
//}

// 修改后的 printfCList 函数
void printfCList(CList head) {
    CNode *current = head->next; // 从头节点的下一个节点开始遍历
    printf("客户姓名   舱位等级\n");
    if(current == NULL)
        printf("没有乘客");
    while (current != NULL) {
        printf("%s  %d\n", current->name, current->rank);
        current = current->next;
    }
    printf("\n\n");
}

// 在主函数中调用 printfCList 时，使用正确的参数
case 5:
    printfCList(c); // 使用全局变量 c 作为参数传递给 printfCList
    menu();
    break;

现在，当用户选择打印全部正式客户时，printfCList 函数会正确地使用 c 变量来遍历乘客链表并输出信息。这样就可以解决你在打印全部顾客函数中遇到的问题了。记得在修改代码之后编译并运行程序，确认问题已得到解决。