as i can understand, you just want to send info to a php script and don't need the response, is that right?
try this
$.post("phpexample.php", {voteid:x});
or simply remove the "succes" function from the equation if you feel more confortable using $.ajax instead of $.post
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: 'phpexample.php',
data: {voteid: x }
});
your fisrt example is correct, the second is not well formed.
more info:
http://api.jquery.com/jquery.post/
EDIT: to help you some more :)
<button type="button" id="element-id">click</button>
<button type="button" class="class-name">Click</button>
$(document).ready(function(){
//if you are marking ans element by class use '.class-name'
$(".class-name").click(function(){
$.post("getClassStudent.php");
});
//if marking by id element use '#id-name'
$("#element-id").click(function(){
$.post("getClassStudent.php");
});
});
be carefful with the markings, for debuggin try to use "console.log()" or "alert()" so you can see where is the problem and where the code crushes.