C++关于数据结构的问题

Question

帮忙把下面使用的STL操作改为自己定义的（因为不能使用STL）

#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <vector>#include <random>enum class Suit {    SPADE,    HEART,    CLUB,    DIAMOND};enum class Rank {    ACE,    TWO,    THREE,    FOUR,    FIVE,    SIX,    SEVEN,    EIGHT,    NINE,    TEN,    JACK,    QUEEN,    KING};class Card {public:    Card(Suit suit, Rank rank) : suit(suit), rank(rank) {}    Suit getSuit() const {        return suit;    }    Rank getRank() const {        return rank;    }    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Card& card) {        std::string suitStr;        std::string rankStr;        switch (static_cast<int>(card.suit)) {            case 0:                suitStr = "♠";                break;            case 1:                suitStr = "♥";                break;            case 2:                suitStr = "♣";                break;            case 3:                suitStr = "♦";                break;        }        switch (static_cast<int>(card.rank)) {            case 0:                rankStr = "A";                break;            case 1:                rankStr = "2";                break;            case 2:                rankStr = "3";                break;            case 3:                rankStr = "4";                break;            case 4:                rankStr = "5";                break;            case 5:                rankStr = "6";                break;            case 6:                rankStr = "7";                break;            case 7:                rankStr = "8";                break;            case 8:                rankStr = "9";                break;            case 9:                rankStr = "10";                break;            case 10:                rankStr = "J";                break;            case 11:                rankStr = "Q";                break;            case 12:                rankStr = "K";                break;        }        os << suitStr << rankStr;        return os;    }private:    Suit suit;    Rank rank;};template<typename T>class List {public:    void add(const T& item) {        items.push_back(item);    }    T get(int index) const {        return items[index];    }    int getSize() const {        return items.size();    }private:    std::vector<T> items;};template<typename T>class Player {public:    void addCard(const T& card) {        hand.add(card);    }    void showHand() const {        for (int i = 0; i < hand.getSize(); i++) {            std::cout << hand.get(i) << " ";        }        std::cout << std::endl;    }    void playCard(int index, List<T>& pile) {        T card = hand.get(index);        pile.add(card);        hand.remove(index);    }private:    List<T> hand;};void playCardGame() {    List<Card> deck;  // 扑克牌列表    // 生成扑克牌    for (int suit = static_cast<int>(Suit::SPADE); suit <= static_cast<int>(Suit::DIAMOND); suit++) {        for (int rank = static_cast<int>(Rank::ACE); rank <= static_cast<int>(Rank::KING); rank++) {            Card card(static_cast<Suit>(suit), static_cast<Rank>(rank));            deck.add(card);        }    }    // 打乱扑克牌顺序    std::random_device rd;    std::mt19937 gen(rd());    std::shuffle(deck.begin(), deck.end(), gen);    // 展示扑克牌    std::cout << "展示扑克牌：" << std::endl;    for (int i = 0; i < deck.getSize(); i++) {        std::cout << deck.get(i) << " ";    }    std::cout << std::endl;    // 发牌给三位玩家    Player<Card> player1, player2, player3;    for (int i = 0; i < deck.getSize(); i++) {        if (i % 3 == 0) {            player1.addCard(deck.get(i));        } else if (i % 3 == 1) {            player2.addCard(deck.get(i));        } else {            player3.addCard(deck.get(i));        }    }    // 展示玩家手中的扑克牌    std::cout << "玩家1手中的扑克牌：";    player1.showHand();    std::cout << "玩家2手中的扑克牌：";    player2.showHand();    std::cout << "玩家3手中的扑克牌：";    player3.showHand();    // 玩家1出牌    List<Card> pile;  // 牌堆    std::cout << "玩家1出牌：" << std::endl;    player1.playCard(0, pile);    // 展示玩家手中的扑克牌和牌堆中的扑克牌    std::cout << "玩家1手中的扑克牌：";    player1.showHand();    std::cout << "牌堆中的扑克牌：";    for (int i = 0; i < pile.getSize(); i++) {        std::cout << pile.get(i) << " ";    }    std::cout << std::endl;}int main() {    playCardGame();    return 0;}

Answer 1

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
#include <random>

using namespace std;

// 牌的结构体
struct Card {
    string suit;    // 花色
    string face;    // 牌面点数
};

// 随机数生成器
random_device rd;
mt19937 gen(rd());

// 洗牌函数
void shuffleDeck(list<Card>& deck) {
    vector<Card> v(deck.begin(), deck.end());
    shuffle(v.begin(), v.end(), gen);
    deck.assign(v.begin(), v.end());
}

int main() {
    list<Card> deck;          // 扑克牌列表
    list<Card> player1, player2, player3;  // 三位玩家手中的扑克牌
    list<Card> discardPile;   // 牌堆

    // 生成扑克牌
    const string suits[] = { "♠", "♥", "♣", "♦" };
    const string faces[] = { "A", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "J", "Q", "K" };
    for (const string& suit : suits) {
        for (const string& face : faces) {
            Card card{ suit, face };
            deck.push_back(card);
        }
    }
    Card joker1{ "", "小王" };
    Card joker2{ "", "大王" };
    deck.push_back(joker1);
    deck.push_back(joker2);

    // 洗牌
    shuffleDeck(deck);

    // 用户选择展示扑克牌
    cout << "展示扑克牌: ";
    for (const Card& card : deck) {
        cout << card.suit << card.face << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;

    // 将扑克牌循环发放到三位玩家手中
    int currentPlayer = 1;
    int deckSize = deck.size();
    for (int i = 0; i < deckSize; i++) {
        if (currentPlayer == 1) {
            player1.push_back(deck.front());
            deck.pop_front();
            currentPlayer = 2;
        }
        else if (currentPlayer == 2) {
            player2.push_back(deck.front());
            deck.pop_front();
            currentPlayer = 3;
        }
        else {
            player3.push_back(deck.front());
            deck.pop_front();
            currentPlayer = 1;
        }
    }

    // 展示三位玩家手中的扑克牌
    cout << "玩家1的牌: ";
    for (const Card& card : player1) {
        cout << card.suit << card.face << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
    cout << "玩家2的牌: ";
    for (const Card& card : player2) {
        cout << card.suit << card.face << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
    cout << "玩家3的牌: ";
    for (const Card& card : player3) {
        cout << card.suit << card.face << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;

    // 用户选择出牌
    int currentPlayerIndex = 0;
    cout << "选择出牌的玩家 (1-3): ";
    cin >> currentPlayerIndex;

    if (currentPlayerIndex < 1 || currentPlayerIndex > 3) {
        cout << "无效的玩家编号!" << endl;
        return 0;
    }

    int cardIndex = 0;
    cout << "选择要出的牌 (1-" << player1.size() << "): ";
    cin >> cardIndex;

    if (cardIndex < 1 || cardIndex > player1.size()) {
        cout << "无效的牌索引!" << endl;
        return 0;
    }

    // 将出的牌添加到牌堆中，并从玩家手中删除
    auto playerIter = player1.begin();
    advance(playerIter, cardIndex - 1);
    Card playedCard = *playerIter;
    player1.erase(playerIter);
    discardPile.push_back(playedCard);

    // 输出出牌后的结果
    cout << "玩家1的牌: ";
    for (const Card& card : player1) {
        cout << card.suit << card.face << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
    cout << "牌堆中的牌: ";
    for (const Card& card : discardPile) {
        cout << card.suit << card.face << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;

    return 0;
}