No real workaround there, that's the nature of the beast.
The language was designed after struggling with C++ for some time, and the idea of the creators was simplifying all non-vital things but at the same time make key additions to make the language more expressive.
You can read a bit about their reasoning here, which I believe is quite interesting even if you don't agree with all the decisions they made:
https://commandcenter.blogspot.com.ar/2012/06/less-is-exponentially-more.html
In your example, if you wanted to, you could make your maps and functions use interface{}
(which by the way is called the empty interface and not "nil" interface).
But of course you would lose compile-time type checking and would have to add casts all around.
You can also try to find an interface to express the commonalities of the types you want to use (which might not be so easy or even possible at all), and then build your mapping API around that interface.