使用Go生成XML文件时，如何创建doctype声明？

Question

Go's xml package is excellent and makes dealing with XML very easy. There's one thing I'm not sure how to do: when creating an XML document from a native struct, how do you specify the doctype?

For example, these structs:

type Person struct {
    XMLName    xml.Name `xml:"person"`
    FirstName  string   `xml:"firstName"`
    MiddleName string   `xml:"middleName"`
    LastName   string   `xml:"lastName"`
    Age        int64    `xml:"age"`
    Skills     []Skill  `xml:"skills"`
}

type Skill struct {
    XMLName        xml.Name `xml:"skill"`
    Name           string   `xml:"skillName"`
    YearsPracticed int64    `xml:"practice"`
}

Will generate something like this XML:

<person>
    <firstName>Bob</firstName>
    <middleName></middleName>
    <lastName>Jones</middleName>
    <age>23</age>
    <skills>
        <skill>
            <skillName>Cooking</skillName>
            <practice>3</practice>
        </skill>
        <skill>
            <skillName>Basketball</skillName>
            <practice>4</practice>
        </skill>
    </skills>
</person>

Which is great, but what do I do to get this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<person>
    <firstName>Bob</firstName>
    <middleName></middleName>
    ...

It almost seems too simple, but is this a matter of doing a string append?

And, on the reverse, how would Go's XML parser handle a doctype in a block of text that you wanted to unmarshal into a set of structs? Ignore it?

Answer 1

Simply append your marshalled bytes to the header. As seen in the XML Package Source, a generic header is included:

const (
    // A generic XML header suitable for use with the output of Marshal.
    // This is not automatically added to any output of this package,
    // it is provided as a convenience.
    Header = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>` + "
"
)

So, this would do it:

myString, err := xml.MarshalIndent(...) // abbreviated here
myString = []byte(xml.Header + string(myString))

A working example I'd found (not my code) available at: http://play.golang.org/p/Rbfb717tvh