使用struts 2框架进行开发总是失败。

Question

J2EE新手，看相关书籍练习，但是web项目无法成功显示。求解答。
总是显示description The requested resource is not available.
出错信息：
严重: Exception starting filter struts 2
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/lang3/StringUtils
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:213)
at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.register(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:102)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:240)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.getContainer(Dispatcher.java:967)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:435)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:479)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.init(FilterDispatcher.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:279)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:260)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:105)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4658)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5277)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:725)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:701)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:717)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1092)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1834)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1305)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1139)
... 24 more
四月 28, 2016 11:08:53 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
严重: One or more Filters failed to start. Full details will be found in the appropriate container log file
四月 28, 2016 11:08:53 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
严重: Context [/Struts2] startup failed due to previous errors
四月 28, 2016 11:08:53 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deployment of web application directory D:\Tools\apache-tomcat-8.0.33\webapps\Struts2 has finished in 1,069 ms
四月 28, 2016 11:08:53 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\Tools\apache-tomcat-8.0.33\webapps\Struts2.0
四月 28, 2016 11:08:54 下午 org.apache.jasper.servlet.TldScanner scanJars
信息: At least one JAR was scanned for TLDs yet contained no TLDs. Enable debug logging for this logger for a complete list of JARs that were scanned but no TLDs were found in them. Skipping unneeded JARs during scanning can improve startup time and JSP compilation time.
四月 28, 2016 11:08:54 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deployment of web application directory D:\Tools\apache-tomcat-8.0.33\webapps\Struts2.0 has finished in 710 ms
四月 28, 2016 11:08:54 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\Tools\apache-tomcat-8.0.33\webapps\Struts2Login
四月 28, 2016 11:08:54 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase addChildInternal
严重: ContainerBase.addChild: start:
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/Struts2Login]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:153)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:725)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:701)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:717)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1092)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1834)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Invalid *js in filter mapping
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.validateFilterMap(StandardContext.java:2960)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.addFilterMap(StandardContext.java:2909)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureContext(ContextConfig.java:1275)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1184)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:779)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:306)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:95)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5150)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
... 10 more
四月 28, 2016 11:08:54 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
严重: Error deploying web application directory D:\Tools\apache-tomcat-8.0.33\webapps\Struts2Login
java.lang.IllegalStateException: ContainerBase.addChild: start: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/Struts2Login]]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:729)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:701)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:717)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1092)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1834)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

Answer 1

缺少jar包依赖，如果第一次用，建议把所有jar包都导入